what idea was espoused with the webster hayne debates

I know that there are some persons in the part of the country from which the honorable member comes, who habitually speak of the Union in terms of indifference, or even of disparagement. . The people had had quite enough of that kind of government, under the Confederacy. . Some of Webster's personal friends had felt nervous over what appeared to them too hasty a period for preparation. Judiciary Act of 1801 | Overview, History & Significance, General Ulysses S. Grant Takes Charge: His Strategic Plan for Ending the War. . Enveloping all of these changes was an ever-growing tension over the economy, as southern states firmly defended slavery and northern states advocated for a more industrial, slave-free market. . How do Webster and Hayne differ in regard to their understandings of the proper relationship among the several states and between the states and the national government? What was the main issue of the Webster-Hayne debate? He tells us, we have heard much, of late, about consolidation; that it is the rallying word for all who are endeavoring to weaken the Union by adding to the power of the states. But consolidation, says the gentleman, was the very object for which the Union was formed; and in support of that opinion, he read a passage from the address of the president of the Convention[3] to Congress (which he assumes to be authority on his side of the question.) The following states came from the territory north and west of the Ohio river: Ohio (1803), Indiana (1816), Illinois (1818), Michigan (1837), Wisconsin (1848) and Minnesota (1858). Daniel Webster stood as a ready and formidable opponent from the north who, at different stages in his career, represented both the states of New Hampshire and Massachusetts. The speech is also known for the line Liberty and union, now and forever, one and inseparable, which would subsequently become the state motto of North Dakota, appearing on the state seal. This means that South Carolina is essentially its own nation, Georgia is its own nation, and so on. The people read Webster's speech and marked him as the champion henceforth against all assaults upon the Constitution. . The Webster Hayne Debate - DEBETE CJK . By means of missionaries and political tracts, the scheme was in a great measure successful. Finally, sir, the honorable gentleman says, that the states will only interfere, by their power, to preserve the Constitution. Our Core Document Collection allows students to read history in the words of those who made it. Since as Vice President and President of the Senate, Calhoun could not take place in the debate, Hayne represented the pro-nullification point-of-view. Daniel Webster argued against nullification (the idea that states could disobey federal laws) arguing in favor of a strong federal government which would bind the states together under the Constitution. And who are its enemies? Webster and the northern states saw the Constitution as binding the individual states together as a single union. Nor shall I stop there. Consolidation!that perpetual cry, both of terror and delusionconsolidation! It is the servant of four-and-twenty masters, of different wills and different purposes, and yet bound to obey all. . Sir, I may be singularperhaps I stand alone here in the opinion, but it is one I have long entertained, that one of the greatest safeguards of liberty is a jealous watchfulness on the part of the people, over the collection and expenditure of the public moneya watchfulness that can only be secured where the money is drawn by taxation directly from the pockets of the people. Robert Young Hayne, (born Nov. 10, 1791, Colleton District, S.C., U.S.died Sept. 24, 1839, Asheville, N.C.), American lawyer, political leader, and spokesman for the South, best-remembered for his debate with Daniel Webster (1830), in which he set forth a doctrine of nullification. Sir, I have had some opportunities of making comparisons between the condition of the free Negroes of the North and the slaves of the South, and the comparison has left not only an indelible impression of the superior advantages of the latter, but has gone far to reconcile me to slavery itself. The Webster-Hayne Debate: Defining Nationhood in the Early American . They had burst forth from arguments about a decision by Connecticut Senator Samuel Foote. They have agreed, that certain specific powers shall be exercised by the federal government; but the moment that government steps beyond the limits of its charter, the right of the states to interpose for arresting the progress of the evil, and for maintaining within their respective limits the authorities, rights, and liberties, appertaining to them,[7] is as full and complete as it was before the Constitution was formed. If they mean merely this, then, no doubt, the public lands as well as everything else in which we have a common interest, tends to consolidation; and to this species of consolidation every true American ought to be attached; it is neither more nor less than strengthening the Union itself. . Daniel Webster - Facts, Career & Legacy - HISTORY I understand the gentleman to maintain, that, without revolution, without civil commotion, without rebellion, a remedy for supposed abuse and transgression of the powers of the general government lies in a direct appeal to the interference of the state governments. God grant that on my vision never may be opened what lies behind. If slavery, as it now exists in this country, be an evil, we of the present day found it ready made to our hands. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. . . . . President John Quincy Adams and the Election of 1824. . Now, I wish to be informedhowthis state interference is to be put in practice, without violence, bloodshed, and rebellion. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 Webster-Hayne Debate - Federalism in America - CSF . The debates between daniel webster of massachusetts and robert hayne of south carolina gave. The action, the drama, the suspensewho needs the movies? The people were not satisfied with it, and undertook to establish a better. Conversation-based seminars for collegial PD, one-day and multi-day seminars, graduate credit seminars (MA degree), online and in-person. On that system, Carolina has no more interest in a canal in Ohio than in Mexico. . But his standpoint was purely local and sectional. They switched from a. the tariff of 1828 to national power . . . Representatives of the northern states were concerned by the rapid growth of the nation; just 27 years earlier, the Louisiana Purchase had nearly doubled the size of the nation, and the newly elected President Andrew Jackson was hungry for more territory. The Webster-Hayne Debate | Hopkins Press Regional Conflict in America: Debate Over States' Rights. Even the revenue system of this country, by which the whole of our pecuniary resources are derived from indirect taxation, from duties upon imports, has done much to weaken the responsibility of our federal rulers to the people, and has made them, in some measure, careless of their rights, and regardless of the high trust committed to their care. If the gentleman provokes the war, he shall have war. I love a good debate. Debate on the Constitutionality of the Mexican War, Letters and Journals from the Oregon Trail. The Webster-Hayne debate was a series of unplanned speeches in the Senate between January 19th and 27th of 1830 between Senator Daniel Webster of Massachusetts and Senator Robert Y. Hayne of South Carolina. In fact, Webster's definition of the Constitution as for the People, by the People, and answerable to the People would go on to form one of the most enduring ideas about American democracy. The Webster-Hayne Debate | Overview, Issues & Significance - Study He speaks as if he were in Congress before 1789. The scene depicted in the painting is Webster concluding his debate with Senator Robert Y. Hayne of South Carolina. . Sir, the opinion which the honorable gentleman maintains, is a notion, founded in a total misapprehension, in my judgment, of the origin of this government, and of the foundation on which it stands. . Tariff of Abominations of 1828 | What was the Significance of the Tariff of Abominations? . The Perpetuation of Our Political Institutions Add Song of the Spinners from the Lowell Offering. . Hayne was a great orator, filled with fiery passion and eloquent prose. This would have been the case even if no positive provision to that effect had been inserted in that instrument. . The whole form and structure of the federal government, the opinions of the Framers of the Constitution, and the organization of the state governments, demonstrate that though the states have surrendered certain specific powers, they have not surrendered their sovereignty. The arena selected for a first impression was the Senate, where the arch-heretic himself presided and guided the onset with his eye. South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification 1832 | Crisis, Cause & Issues. 1824 Presidential Election, Candidates & Significance | Who Won the Election of 1824? The Commercial Greatness of the United States, Special Message to Congress (Tyler Doctrine), Estranged Labour and The Communist Manifesto, State of the Union Address Part II (1848). The impression which has gone abroad, of the weakness of the South, as connected with the slave question, exposes us to such constant attacks, has done us so much injury, and is calculated to produce such infinite mischiefs, that I embrace the occasion presented by the remarks of the gentleman from Massachusetts, to declare that we are ready to meet the question promptly and fearlessly. He rose, the image of conscious mastery, after the dull preliminary business of the day was dispatched, and with a happy figurative allusion to the tossed mariner, as he called for a reading of the resolution from which the debate had so far drifted, lifted his audience at once to his level. The United States, under the Constitution and federal government, was a single, unified nation, not a coalition of sovereign states. The militia of the state will be called out to sustain the nullifying act. I spoke, sir, of the ordinance of 1787, which prohibited slavery, in all future times, northwest of the Ohio,[6] as a measure of great wisdom and foresight; and one which had been attended with highly beneficial and permanent consequences. In January 1830, a debate on the nature of sovereignty in the America. Sir, there exists, moreover, a deep and settled conviction of the benefits, which result from a close connection of all the states, for purposes of mutual protection and defense. As a pious son of Federalism, Webster went the full length of the required defense. They tell us, in the letter submitting the Constitution to the consideration of the country, that, in all our deliberations on this subject, we kept steadily in our view that which appears to us the greatest interest of every true Americanthe consolidation of our Unionin which is involved our prosperity, felicity, safety; perhaps our national existence. Sir, we will not stop to inquire whether the black man, as some philosophers have contended, is of an inferior race, nor whether his color and condition are the effects of a curse inflicted for the offences of his ancestors. We could not send them back to the shores from whence their fathers had been taken; their numbers forbade the thought, even if we did not know that their condition here is infinitely preferable to what it possibly could be among the barren sands and savage tribes of Africa; and it was wholly irreconcilable with all our notions of humanity to tear asunder the tender ties which they had formed among us, to gratify the feelings of a false philanthropy. Then, in January of 1830, a senator from Connecticut introduced a proposal to the Senate stating that the federal government should stop surveying the lands west of the Mississippi River. . . . We resolved to make the best of the situation in which Providence had placed us, and to fulfil the high trust which had developed upon us as the owners of slaves, in the only way in which such a trust could be fulfilled, without spreading misery and ruin throughout the land. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. But his reply was gathered from the choicest arguments and the most decadent thoughts that had long floated through his brain while this crisis was gathering; and bringing these materials together in a lucid and compact shape, he calmly composed and delivered before another crowded and breathless auditory a speech full of burning passages, which will live as long as the American Union, and the grandest effort of his life. succeed. . Hayne launched his confident javelin at the New England States.

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